Spray nozzle with side vented discharge end



April 24, 1956 F. w. WAHLIN SPRAY NOZZLE WITH SIDE VENTED DISCHARGE END [red 7% Wczfi/Zzz jg 5 BY srRiw'NozzLE" wmt; SIDE'VENTED' mscnxnoanrqn I mow.- Wahlin, Oak Park, 111., assignor to Spraying Systems (30., Bellwood, 11]., a corporation of. Illinoisv p i n y 1; 1952, semi No. z'smsse Claims. cl. 29

' This invention relates to spray nozzles which have the discharge orifice recessed'irr the nozzle end or tip, and has reference more particularly to'th'e provisiori'of such nozzles with openings or vents at the "sidesto provide air relief'at the base of the spraystream where it issues from the orifice. I

Sp'raynozzles are commonly made with the spray. orifi'ce "recessed in the nozzle endso"that portions ofthev nozzle end or 'tip extend thereb'eyond to protect the orifice fromacciden'tal damage whicl'rimi'ghtdistort or impair the precision of the spray stream.

' When" such extended portions completely encircle the issuing spraystream air does not reach' the base of the issuing streamfsulfi'ciently may or in the proper direction tofreadily reli'eve the low pressure created there by the aspiiation effect of the issuing stream and'accordin'gly air turbulence andeddies are'c'reated' atthe" base of the spray stream, which tend to affect theshap'e of the spray stream and impart raggedness thereto, v

In. such cases air is drawn in through the outer open end of the encircling. end portion of the nozzle in a directi'on opposite to the flow of the issuing stream and opposite also to the flow of the air immediately around" the stream which is caused to flow along with' the stream by the aspiration eifect thereof,'andaccordingly there is a re.- vers'al'of air flow within theencirclin'gend portion of the nozzle which creates the above mentioned.objectionable air turbulence and eddies at the basefofthe'stream. g

Nozzles have also been made. with a deep. groove'lex tending across the endof the nozzle and having the nozzle orifice at the bottom'ofj the groove to provide orifice protecting extensions atthe oppositesides of the orifice, but in such cases air! turbulence and eddies are not avoided as the flow of air entering through the ends of the groove is in a direction at rightangles to the axis of the issuing stream, necessitating abrupt change of '.direction thereof in order to be drawn along the stream. by theaspiration effect thereof, which sets up air turbulence and eddies. p

Moreover the opposed side walls of the projecti'ngextensions are not separated sufficiently. to'permit free entrance of air between these side walls" and the issuing stream, especially at the ,base thereof, andas the aspirating. effect of the stream causes-.reduced air pressure at those, places, the streamtends to hug the. sidewalls'and spread out in that direction, and results inob jectionable condensation of spray liquidon the sidewalls and dripping thereof from th e nozzle.

' The principal objectsof the .present invention are to provide an improved. nozzlewith recessed, orifi'ce ;,t'o

insure ample area around the orifice exitiand suitable supply of. ailthereto to avoidlow pressure ar s and other air conditions which may detti'mn-tallyafieei the spray;

to supply air at the orifice exit in a direction tofacilitate flow thereof along. the spray stream; and to incorporate these'and other advantages in a nozzle' 'which' may be readily and economically manufactured with ordinary manufacturing facilities; thesea'ndbt-her ob iects'" being 2,743,138 Patented Apr. 24, 1956 accomplished as explained hereinafter and as shown in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a side view of a nozzle made in accordance with the present invention;

Fig. 2" is a view. looking at the top or discharge end of the nozzle of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the nozzle of Fig. 1 taken on: the line 3..-3 thereof; 7

Fig. 4 is a side view of a nozzle tip showing a modified form of the invention;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the nozzle tip of Fig. 4 taken onthe line 5--5 thereof; and I Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 5 showing a different arrangement of the spray orifice thereof.

Referring to the drawing, the nozzle illustrated therein is similar to thatshownin my copending application Serial No. 81,288 filed March 14, 1949, now Patent No. 2,621,078, of which the. present application is a continuation in part, and is composed of a body 10 having a large cylindrical opening 11 therethrough, a flat sided nozzle tip 12 which is made as a separate part and secured to the outer end of the body 19, a strainer 13 in the cylindricalv opening 11 of the body and having an annular flange 14 at the outer end thereof interposed between the nozzle tip 12 and the outer end of the body 10, and a clamping. member 15 by which the nozzle tip is secured to the body 10." i

The body 1'0'is internally threaded at 16 at its end remote from the tip 12 for connection to a pipe'or other means through which liquidflis supplied to the nozzle and the other'endof the body is externally threaded at 17 for threaded connection. therewith of the clamping member 15 which is of collar nut type with the outer end of the collar turned in as at 15a to engage over an annular flange 18 at the base of the nozzle tip for clamping the latter against the outer end. of the strainer 13 and the strainer flange 14 against the outer end of the nozzle body. The clamping member 15 and body 10 each have a portion of the length thereof of external hexagonal form as indicated at 19 and 20 respectively, or of other suitable form for wrench engagement for conveniently securing the parts together.

The illustrated strainer 13 has a hollow cylindrical body 21. surrounded by a cylindrical screen 22 which is secured thereon. by a screw 23 which is threaded into the lower end of the strainer body 21. and has a large head against which the lower endv of the screen 22abuts. The strainer body 21 has a series of. transverse slots 24 through its wall, preferably at several places therearound, for.ex ample atdiametrically opposed sides thereof, so that the liquidinttoduced throughthe lower end of the nozzle passes through the screen into the interior of the strainer body 21,. and the body 21 in the vicinity of said slots preferably is turned down to a size smaller than the interior of the .screen 22 but with annular screen contacting ribs 25 left at suitable intervals, so as to allow free flow of liquid through a considerable area of the screento the slots24;

The nozzletip l2lhas a bored out cavity 26 communicating with the interior of the strainer body 21'and leading to a" relatively small diameter bore 27 with convex or dome. shaped outer end 28 through which the spray orifice 29 is formed. 1 g

While the interior of'this nozzle tip 12 and. the attaching facilitiesthereofare the same as in the nozzle tip of my above mentioned copending application, it differs therefrom in the following important respects:

At its outer end' the nozzle tip 12 is provided with a relatievly large circular recess30- having the orifice 29 located centrally in the bottom thereof so that there is ample space at all places around the exit of the orifice 29 for air tolbe'supplied readilyand: uniformly around the base of the issuing stream to relieve the aspiration effect of the spray stream.

Preferably the bottom 31 of the recess 30 is convex or dome shaped, as shown, so that it slopes downwardly or rearwardly from the exit of the orifice opening 29, and the inner face of the projecting rim 32 may be sloped inwardly as indicated at 33 to the periphery of the sloping bottom. Thus the air supplied to the base of the spray stream, which is indicated by dottedlines at34 has a direction of flow imparted to it by the sloping bottom wall 31, outwardly toward the outer open end of the recess to facilitate the further movement thereof along with the spray stream which is occasionedby the aspiration effect of the stream.

Obviously, the bottom of the recess 30 may be shaped, if desired, to increase the outward movement imparted to the airby the recess bottom. For example it may be shaped as indicated by the dotted lines at 35 in Fig. 3 to slope downwardly or rearwardly more abruptly from the orifice exit and to a greater recess depth as indicated by said dotted lines 35.

It is an important feature of the invention that air is supplied to the recess 30 at the bottom thereof to relieve the aspiration effect of the spray stream, so as to avoid reversal of air flow which necessarily occurs when the air is supplied to the recess through the open outer end thereof and it is also an important feature of the invention that the air thus supplied at the bottom of the recess is caused to enter the recess 30 in a direction so that the fiow thereof past the exit of the orifice 29 is, to a substantial extent, in the direction of stream fiow from the orifice.

Accordingly the projecting rim 32 around the recess 30 is provided with large notches 36 at opposite sides of the recess 30, as indicated particularly in Figs. 1 and 2, and these notches preferably extend down the opposite sides of the nozzle tip 12 as far as possible (approximately to the top of the clamping member 15) and lead into grooves 37, which are provided in the bottom of the recess at each notch 36 to match the respective notches, and lead inwardly and upwardly to the opposite sides of the orifice exit so that the air entering these notches 36 is caused by the grooves 37 to flow past the orifice exit in a direction that corresponds to the direction in which the spray stream 34 is discharged from the orifice.

Preferably these grooves 37 are round bottomed and curved from end to end, as shown, not only because they can be conveniently produced in that shape by a common curved edge rotary cutter, but because the curvature from end to end permits gradual deflection of the air outwardly toward the outer open end of the recess 30 and imparts a direction of air flow from the inner ends of the grooves 37 in a direction and manner .to accord with the direction of flow thereof beyond the orifice exit.

The orifice 29 disclosed herein is of an elongated narrow shape designed to produce a fiat fan shaped spray such as illustrated at 34 in Figs. 1 and 3 and is provided, in the usual manner of making such orifice openings, by cutting through the crown portion of the bottom 31 of the recess 30 and diametrically through the rounded outer end of the passage 27, preferably in the plane of the longitudinal axes of the grooves 37, with an acutely angled V-shape rotary cutter which produces a correspondingly acute angled V-shaped groove 38 which extends between the inner ends of the grooves 37 and intersects the rounded outer end of the passage 27.

Preferably this rounded outer end 28 is not spherical, but of somewhat pointed arch shape, and it is to be noted that by reason of the rounded end of the passage 27, the inner ends of the grooves 37 may be arranged quite close to the orifice 29 to facilitate flow of air therefrom along the spray stream. 3

It is not essential that notches 36 be provided at the outer ends of the grooves 37 as shown in Figs. 1., 2 and 3,

but instead large circular openings, such as indicated at 39 in Fig. 4 may be'provided atopposite sides of the nozzle tip which lead into the outer ends of the grooves 37.

In such case, however, it is preferred that the grooves be provided, by drilling through the opposite sides of the nozzle tip, at the proper inclination, with an ordinary twist drill and continuing the drilling, up to a location near to the orifice 29so as to form, in the same operation, the openings 39 and grooves 40 extending inwardly and upwardly as shown in Fig. 5 and terminating in an abrupt upward slope 41, which corresponds to the end shape of the drill, and directs the air supplied through the openings almost directly upward at the nozzle orifice 29 so that its directionof flow corresponds quite closely to the direction of fiow of the spray stream from the orifice.

Preferably the drilling to produce the openings 39 and grooves 40 would be performed before the recess 30 is provided in the end of the nozzle tip although the particular manner in which these openings and grooves are made is not important.

The orifice 29 in each illustrated embodiment of the invention is preferably provided after the grooves 37 of Figs. 1, 2 and 3 or the grooves 40 of Fig. 5 have been produced, so as to minimize the stock to be cut through by the cutter to make the small acutely V-shaped groove 38 which produces the orifice opening and it is preferred that the groove 38 extend between the inner ends of the air supply, grooves 37 or 40 so that the orifice 29 is elongated in the plane of the axes of said air supply grooves 37 or 40, asshownin Figs. 1 to 5 inclusive. I However, it is not essential that the orifice 29 extend lengthwise'between the, inner ends of the air supply grooves so that th'eair is supplied at the opposite ends of the orifice 29 by the air supply grooves 37 or 40, as these air supply grooves may be otherwise arranged with respect to the orifice 29, as for example as indicated at 400 in Fig. 6, so that they lead inwardly and upwardly at the opposite sides of the elongated orifice 29 so that the air therefrom is directed along the opposite sides of the fan shaped spray 34.

Because the recess 30 provides a relatively large uniform recess space around the base of the issuing stream 34 the air entering through the grooves 37, 40 or 40a is free to distribute around the base of the stream from grooves leading to the ends of the elongated orifice 29 as indicated at 37 and 40 or from grooves leading to the sides of the orifice as indicated in Fig. 6.

While I have shown and described my invention in preferred forms, I am aware that various changes and -modifications may be made without departing from the principles of the invention, the scope of which is to be determined by the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1.. A spray nozzle of the class described constructed and arranged to discharge liquid therefrom in a fanshaped spray and having a body portion formed with two oppositely facing substantially co-axial cavities arranged in close proximity to one another in bottom-to-bottom relation and separated from one another by an intervening wall, one of said cavities being the end portion of a passage through which liquid is suppliable to said end portion for discharge therefrom into the other cavity and located in the interior of the nozzle, and the other cavity being at the exterior of the nozzle and facing outwardly therefrom and of wide expanse greatly exceeding that of the said passage end cavity and having an annular portion thereof of substantial width outlying beyond the periph cry of said passage end cavity and within a cavity defining upstanding rim through which two openings extend and lead: outwardly therethrough respectively in opposite directions at the opposite sides respectively .of the rim defined cavity, the said intervening wall having an orifice through which liquid is discharged from said pas: sage end-cavity through the other cavity to the exterior of the nozzle and the said orifice being elongated crosswise of the rim defined cavity toward the aforesaid openings of the cavity defining rim to convert the liquid discharge therethrough into a fan-shaped spray at the exterior of the nozzle.

2. A spray nozzle in accordance with claim 1 wherein the passage end cavity is of a rounded dome shape and the wall which separates the two cavities from one another has a groove therein at the outer side thereof extending in the direction of elongation of the orifice and having side walls which converge toward the bottom of the groove and intersect the dom shaped passage end cavity and the orifice is at the place of such intersection.

3. A spray nozzle in accordance with claim 1 wherein the passage end cavity is of rounded dome shape and the wall which separates the two cavities from one another is convex at the outer side and said convex outer side has a groove therein extending in the direction of elongation of the orifice and the said groove has side walls which converge toward the bottom of the groove and intersect the dome shaped passage end cavity and the orifice is at the place of such intersection.

4. A spray nozzle in accordance with claim 1 wherein the cavity which is defined by the upstanding rim has two grooves at the bottom thereof which extend outwardly in opposite directions at the opposite ends of the orifice to the two openings respectively of the rim.

5. A spray nozzle in accordance with claim 1 wherein the wall which separates the two cavities is convex at the outer side and the cavity defined by the rim is of least depth at the center and progressively increases in depth outwardly from said center to the cavity defining rim and has two grooves at the bottom thereof which extend outwardly in opposite directions from said center to the two openings respectively of the rim.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS D. 134,562 Murphy Dec. 15, 1942 649,278 Dolan May 8, 1900 901,788 Damon Oct. 20, 1908 1,620,754 Boyd Mar. 15, 1927 1,813,733 Freeman July 7, 1931 1,889,201 Holveck Nov. 29, 1932 1,897,683 Tracy Feb. 14, 1933 2,125,445 Holveck Aug. 2, 1938 2,563,152 Brandt Aug. 7, 1951 2,619,388 Whalin Nov. 25, 1952 2,621,078 Whalin Dec. 9, 1952 2,641,509 Yost June 9, 1953 FOREIGN PATENTS 20,076 Great Britain of 1908 368,457 France Oct. 6, 1906 411,070 Germany Feb. 13, 1923 441,542 Germany June 27, 1925 

